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Text of the Speech of the Deputy Speaker, House of Reps Ongoing Nat’l Dialogue on State Police

 

NATIONAL DIALOGUE ON STATE POLICING

 

Theme: Pathways to Peace: Reimagining

Policing in Nigeria

[Protocol]

 

We convene today for a critical national dialogue on State Policing, aptly

themed “Pathways to Peace: Reimagining Policing in Nigeria.” The

escalating security challenges facing our country demand innovative

solutions and candid discussions. The National Assembly, particularly the

House of Representatives, recognizes the gravity of this situation and is

firmly committed to exploring all viable options that will lead to a safer and

more secure Nigeria for its citizens.

 

The Current Landscape: A Statistical Analysis

 

The present policing structure necessitates a data-driven evaluation.

 

The United Nations recommends a police-to-citizen ratio of 1:450 (one police officer per 600 citizens). Regrettably, Nigeria’s current reality falls far short of this benchmark. As reported by the Inspector-General of Police (IGP) in November 2023, Nigeria has a national police force of approximately

370,000 officers. This translates to a concerning ratio of roughly one officer

per 600 citizens. This significant understaffing is further compounded by resource deficiencies.

 

Since 2016, estimates suggest over ₦5 billion has been paid in ransoms to

kidnappers, a figure that starkly exposes the alarming growth of this

criminal enterprise in the country. Furthermore, the 2024 Global Terrorism

Index paints a concerning picture, ranking Nigeria fourth in Sub-Saharan

Africa and eighth globally for countries most impacted by terrorism.

These statistics underscore the urgent need for a multi-layered policing

approach that prioritizes local security and enables a more responsive

policing environment in Nigeria.

 

I also want to recall our memory of the fact that this critical conversation on state policing gained significant

momentum following an emergency meeting in February 2024 between

President Bola Ahmed Tinubu and state governors at the Aso Rock Villa.

This particular gathering highlighted state policing as a national priority,

reflecting a deep understanding of the need for a new approach to tackling

insecurity.

 

The Nigerian Discourse: Divergent Paths

Nigerians are understandably divided in their proposed solutions to the

nation’s security challenges. One school of thought advocates for a return

to multilayered policing. Proponents of this approach argue for the

re-establishment of state police forces to operate alongside the existing

federal police structure. They believe this competitive model would

incentivize states to prioritize security within their territories, ultimately

attracting businesses and residents while boosting state economies

through increased job creation and tax revenue.

 

Conversely, others maintain that the current unitary system can be

reformed to address security concerns. These individuals acknowledge

shortcomings in past policing practices but believe a revamped federal

model can be optimized for improved national security. It is pertinent to

note that regardless of these arguments, the subnationals in Nigeria

already practice some forms of multi-layered policing – from the Amotekun

in the South West to the Ebube-Agu in the South East as with the pioneer

Civilian Joint Task Force (CJTF) in the North East geopolitical zone.

 

Charting a Course Forward: National Dialogue and Legislative

Initiatives

 

The House of Representatives is currently considering Bill HB.617, a

Constitution Alteration Bill on State Policing sponsored by myself and

thirteen esteemed colleagues. This national dialogue presents a valuable

opportunity for cross-fertilization of ideas on the most effective path

towards establishing state policing in Nigeria. Through open discussions

and a thorough examination of all perspectives, we can identify the optimal

strategy for a more secure and peaceful Nigeria.

 

Multi-Layered Policing in Comparative Jurisdictions

 

In various jurisdictions worldwide, multi-layered policing systems have

been implemented with varying degrees of success. These systems often

involve different levels of law enforcement agencies operating concurrently, each with specific responsibilities and jurisdictions. Examining some of these jurisdictions sheds light on the potential benefits and challenges of adopting a similar approach in Nigeria. The United States exemplifies a multi-layered policing system with federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies. In the United Kingdom, policing is organized into several layers, including regional, and local levels. Canada also employs a multi-layered policing system consisting of federal, provincial, and municipal police forces.

 

Other jurisdictional examples of multilayered policing include Brazil

and Australia.

 

Concerns of Opposition Voices to Multi-Layered Policing in Nigeria

 

Despite the examples of multi-layered policing systems in other

jurisdictions, opponents in Nigeria raise valid concerns about the potential

drawbacks and challenges associated with implementing such a system.

 

As earlier noted, opposition voices argue that introducing multiple layers of

policing could lead to a fragmentation of authority, with different agencies

competing for resources and jurisdictional control. This could result in

confusion and inefficiency in law enforcement efforts. Critics also fear that decentralizing law enforcement powers could increase the risk of abuse of power by local or state-level authorities. Without adequate oversight and accountability mechanisms, there may be instances of corruption, political

interference, or human rights violations. Given Nigeria’s diverse ethnic and

regional landscape, opponents caution that multi-layered policing could

exacerbate existing tensions and inequalities. There is concern that certain ethnic or regional groups may feel marginalized or unfairly targeted by local or state police forces, leading to social unrest or conflict.

In addition, implementing a multi-layered policing system requires

significant financial and logistical resources. Opponents argue that Nigeria

may not have the capacity to adequately fund and support multiple layers

of law enforcement agencies, especially in remote or economically

disadvantaged areas.

 

While opponents of multi-layered policing in Nigeria raise valid concerns, it

is essential to address these fears and offer reassurances regarding the

potential benefits and mitigating strategies.

 

We recognize that the decisions we make regarding the restructuring of

Nigeria’s policing system are not intended to serve the interests of any

individual or political faction. Rather, we aim to enact laws and reforms that

benefit the collective welfare of our nation. It is important to remember that

political leaders, including governors, come and go, but the institutions and

systems we establish endure. By focusing on the greater good and the

long-term interests of our society, we can transcend partisan divides and

ensure that our laws and policies withstand the test of time.

 

Conclusion

 

I want to assure you that the National Assembly, and particularly the House

of Representatives, is fully committed to providing the right frameworks,

legislation, and oversight to make state policing work for the betterment of

Nigerians. We understand the importance of getting this right.

Throughout this dialogue, we will delve into critical issues, gather valuable

insights, and explore data-driven approaches. The information and

recommendations gathered here will be crucial in shaping the future of

policing in Nigeria

 

We are optimistic that through collaborative efforts and a commitment to evidence-based solutions, we can establish a policing system that is not

only effective in combating crime but also earns the trust of Nigerians and

cooperation between law enforcement and the communities they serve.

 

Together, we can pave the pathways to a more peaceful and secure

Nigeria.

 

May God bless the Federal Republic of Nigeria!

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